Why Is DMDM Hydantoin in My Shampoo—and Is it Safe?

DMDM Hydantoin, also known as 1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin, is a preservative commonly used in beauty and personal care products, including shampoos. Its primary function is to prevent mold and bacterial growth, thus extending the shelf-life of the products. DMDM Hydantoin is a formaldehyde releaser, which means it slowly breaks down over time, releasing small amounts of formaldehyde—a substance known to be a carcinogen and a potent sensitizer.

Why is DMDM Hydantoin in Shampoos:

• It is used as a preservative to maintain product freshness and prevent the growth of harmful microbes, such as fungi, yeast, and bacteria.

Health Hazards:

• DMDM Hydantoin has been linked to potential health hazards, as formaldehyde released by the preservative can cause allergic reactions, immunotoxicity, and may increase the risk of developing dermatitis and itching in individuals sensitive to formaldehyde.
• Studies have not conclusively linked DMDM Hydantoin to hair loss, but it may cause hair damage and hair loss over time when exposed to high quantities.
• Exposure to DMDM Hydantoin can lead to scalp irritation, redness, itching, and flaking in some individuals, particularly those with sensitive skin or allergic to formaldehyde.

Safety Concerns:

• While considered safe at current normal levels of use in products, people with formaldehyde allergies should possibly avoid products with DMDM Hydantoin to prevent irritation and possible allergic reactions.

For consumers:

• It's essential to read product labels and be aware of the ingredients, particularly if you have sensitive skin or allergies to formaldehyde.
• Seek out alternative products or formulations that do not contain DMDM Hydantoin if you have concerns or adverse reactions to the ingredient.

For regulators and manufacturers:

• Different nations are taking steps to regulate the use of DMDM Hydantoin in personal care products—for example, California and Maryland are implementing new laws to ban or limit specific chemicals, including formaldehyde-releasing ingredients.

In summary, DMDM Hydantoin is a preservative in personal care products ensuring safety and freshness, but its formaldehyde-releasing properties can pose potential health hazards, which individuals with formaldehyde-releaser may need to consider alternative products.